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All material available on this web site Manupatra is protected by copyright laws. (depicted as © Manupatra Information Solutions Pvt. Ltd. All rights reserved.)
Access to the Manupatra services and content is subject to Terms and Conditions which you accepted during the registration process. These Terms and Conditions contain warranty disclaimers, guidelines for link to other websites & linking disclaimer and limitation on use.

Manupatra grants users of this web site the permission to reproduce copies of the material strictly for private purposes to fight a case in the court of law and for allied research purposes. While no pecuniary consideration is required for this permission, Manupatra requires the following statement to be included in all reproductions of the material.

©Manupatra Information Solutions Pvt. Ltd. All rights reserved. Reprinted with the permission of Manupatra

You are also not suppose to use any part of the material including graphics or logos available on the Manupatra Web Site for the purpose of copying, photocopying, reproduction, translation or reduction to any electronic medium or machine readable form, either in whole or in part, without prior written consent of Manupatra Information Solutions Pvt. Ltd. Any other reproduction in any form without the permission of Manupatra is prohibited.

Distribution of the material from the Web Site, for commercial purposes is prohibited. Domestic and International copyright and Trademark laws protect the entire Contents of the Site. The owners of the intellectual property, copyrights and trademarks are Manupatra Information Solutions Pvt. Ltd. its affiliates or third party licensors. You are expressly prohibited from modifying, copying, reproducing, republishing, uploading, posting, transmitting or distributing any material on this Site including text, graphics, code and/or software.

You also agree that you shall not take recourse against Manupatra for any alleged or actual infringement or misappropriation of any proprietary rights in your communications to Manupatra. If you, at any stage believe that the Contents appearing on this Site constitutes copyright infringement of another person’s rights, please communicate the same to us.

Manupatra reserves the right to remove any Content or links that allegedly infringes any other person’s copyright at any point of time. Notice to Manupatra regarding any alleged copyright infringement shall be directed at:

Manupatra Information Solutions Pvt. Ltd, B-37, Floor 1 A, Sector 1, Noida.

Some contents on the site belongs to third party. Such contents have been reproduced after taking prior permission from the said party and the copyright of such contents would remain exclusively with the said third party. manupatra shall not be responsible for any mistakes which might appear in such contents

Third party contents may also be accessible via links, manupatra does not claim any copyright on the contents appearing on such third party sites nor shall be held responsible for any mistakes which might appear therein

Any request for any reprint or other permission should be mailed to:

Manupatra Information Solutions Pvt. Ltd, B-37, Floor 1 A, Sector1, Noida.

Your privacy is important to us.

To better protect your privacy, we provide this notice explaining our online information practices and the choices you can make about the way your information is collected and used. To make this notice easy to find, we make it available on our home page and at every point where personally identifiable information may be requested.

If you already are a registered user to access http://www.manupatra.com this privacy policy shall co-exist with the terms of Manupatra License Agreement that also governs in case of any conflict amongst User License and Privacy Terms of its other proprietary products, associates, affiliates and subsidiaries.

This privacy notice explains how Manupatra Information Solutions Pvt. Ltd. (Manupatra) collects and uses personal data and describes the rights you have with respect to your personal data.

Manupatra processes personal data for a variety of purposes. We collect this personal data directly from you, for example, if you sign up for any of our product offerings, if you visit manupatra.com (our Site) and all associated domains (our “Associated Websites”), if you submit your contact details to receive marketing communications from us, if you submit event-related data to attend Webinars and workshops, or submit a job application via the Manupatra website. Alternatively, we process your personal data in the context of providing services to you or your employer. This privacy notice is intended to cover all of the above-mentioned scenarios.

The Site contains links to other Websites operated by third parties. Manupatra is not responsible for the privacy practices or policies of such third-party Websites. We do not share any of the individual personal information you provide Manupatra with the Sites to which Manupatra links, although we may share aggregate data with such Web sites (such as how many people use our Site).

Manupatra has created this Policy to demonstrate its commitment towards the Information Technology (Reasonable Security Practices and Procedures and Sensitive Personal Data or Information), Rules, 2011 (“SPDI Rules”), the Digital Personal Data Protection Act, 2023 (“DPDP Act”) and its forthcoming rules (“DPDP Rules”), and other applicable laws, rules, regulations as may be amended, modified, consolidated, substituted, and re-enacted from time to time.

Definitions

"Personal Data" means any information concerning the personal or material circumstances of an identified or identifiable individual, e.g. name, address, bank details etc.

Employees are identified or identifiable persons, who are employed by Manupatra.

"Customers/Users" are identified or identifiable natural persons, who show Manupatra that they have an obvious interest in concluding a contract for the purpose of acquiring a product or a service or, as the case may be, that they are the recipient of a product or service provided by Manupatra.

"Processing" is any operation or set of connected operations performed using Personal Data, whether with or without the help of automatic means.

"Rendering Anonymous" means the alteration of Personal Data so that the details about personal or material circumstances can no longer be matched to an identified or identifiable natural person.

“Pseudonymising” means replacing identifying features with a code in order to make identification of the Data Subject impossible or considerably more difficult.

"Sensitive Personal Data", for the purposes of this Policy, refers to such personal information about a natural person, which consists of information relating to:

• Password;
• Financial information such as Bank account or credit card or debit card or other payment instrument details;
• Physical, physiological and mental health condition;
• Sexual orientation;
• Medical records and history;
• Biometric information;
• Any detail relating to the above clauses as provided to us for providing services; and
• Any of the information received under any of the above clauses by us for processing, storing or processing under lawful contract or otherwise.

Any information that is freely available or accessible in public domain or furnished under the Right to Information Act, 2005 or any other law shall not be regarded as Sensitive Personal Information for the purposes of this Policy.

"Provider" for the purpose of this Policy, refers to a natural person or individual who provides Personal Information or Sensitive Personal data or information, directly under lawful contract to Manupatra.

The Information We Collect

The Site is not set up to automatically collect personally identifiable information from each visitor to the Site. It does recognize the home server of visitors but not e-mail addresses. For instance, we can tell which Internet Service Provider our visitors use, but not the names, addresses or other information about our visitors that would allow us to identify a particular visitor to our Site. This information is used only for internal purposes by our technical support staff.

The Site does track certain information about the visits to the Site. For example, we compile statistics that show the numbers and frequency of visitors to the Site and its individual pages and time spent by each visitor on each page. These aggregated statistics are generally used internally to improve the Site and for product development and marketing purposes. Those aggregated statistics may also be provided to advertisers and other third parties, but again, the statistics contain no personal information and cannot be used to gather such information.

In a few areas on the Site, we ask you to provide information that will enable us to verify whether you are entitled to access and use certain information, materials and services available from the Site. This information may also be used to enable us to enhance your Site visit, to assist you with customer service or technical support issues, or to follow up with you after your visit, or to otherwise support your relationship with Manupatra. It is completely optional for you to participate. However, failure to participate may mean that you cannot access and use certain information, materials and services.

Examples of areas where we request information

Restricted Access and Authentication: Access to designated sections of the Site and/ or Associate Sites, including those hosted on manupatra.com, may require the user to provide a valid login name and password. Such authentication credentials serve as a condition precedent to accessing specific information, materials, or services made available on these sections.

Registration and Sign-Up: Users who elect to register or sign up for a service provided on the Site and/ or Associated Sites agree to furnish accurate and complete information as required during the registration process. Such registration may be a prerequisite to access or utilize the designated service.

Subscription to Communications: By subscribing to a newsletter or by opting to be included in mailing lists for additional products and services, the user consents to receive electronic communications from the Site and/ or Associated Sites. The user may, at any time, withdraw such consent in accordance with the applicable procedures

Order Placement: Any order placed through the Site and/ or Associated Sites is subject to acceptance by the Site and/ or Associated Sites in accordance with its terms and conditions governing purchases. The placement of an order constitutes an offer by the user to enter into a binding contract upon the terms specified on the Site and/ or Associated Sites.

Submission of Feedback: Users providing feedback via online surveys or other mechanisms on the Site and/ or Associated Sites acknowledge that such feedback is submitted voluntarily and may be used by the Site/ Associated Sites for the purposes of improving its services and products, subject to applicable confidentiality and data protection obligations.

For all instances listed in clause 4, the Site and/ or Associated Sites, the user may be required to provide personal information, including, but not limited to, their name, e-mail address, telephone number, physical address, area of practice, product preference information, and login credentials (i.e., Log In Name and Password), as well as other similar personal data that is necessary to register or subscribe the user to the relevant services or offers. On occasion, additional information may be requested to facilitate user access to and use of certain information, materials, or services. In connection with subscriptions to newsletters or mailing lists, the user retains the right to unsubscribe at any time in accordance with the set procedures.

Wherever Manupatra collects personal information we make an effort to include a link to this Privacy Policy on that page.

Use of Personal Data

The personal information provided by you while using the Site and/ or Associated Sites, including but not limited to your name, postal address, email address, and telephone number, shall be collected, stored, and processed in accordance with the DPDP Act and other applicable data protection laws. Such information shall be used solely to support your relationship with Manupatra, including but not limited to:

Notifying you of special offers, updates, new products, and services from Manupatra.

Providing offers from third parties that may be of interest to you, subject to your explicit consent wherever required.

Enhancing or merging your information with data obtained from third-party sources for marketing and promotional purposes, ensuring compliance with applicable legal standards.

Any agents, contractors, or third-party service providers engaged by Manupatra to access and process your personal data shall be contractually bound by strict confidentiality obligations and may use such information only to perform the specific services assigned to them by Manupatra.

Manupatra shall implement reasonable security safeguards to prevent unauthorized access, disclosure, or misuse of your personal data.

Manupatra may be required to disclose your personal data to third parties under the following circumstances:

• Where required under applicable laws, judicial orders, or governmental regulations.
• In the event of a merger, acquisition, divestiture, or dissolution involving Manupatra, customer data, including your personal information, may be transferred as part of the transaction.
• To protect the rights, property, or safety of Vendor, its users, or third parties.

You have the right to access, modify, or withdraw consent for the processing of your personal data under the provisions of the DPDP Act and other applicable data protection laws.

To exercise your rights, including data correction, deletion, or restriction of processing, you may contact Manupatra.

Our Commitment to Data Security

We implement a combination of administrative, technical, and physical safeguards to protect your personal information from unauthorized access, use, disclosure, alteration, or destruction. These measures are in accordance with applicable data protection laws, including the DPDP Act and other applicable data protection laws.

Security Measures

Our safeguards include, but are not limited to:

• Encryption technologies
• Secure servers and firewalls
• Access control mechanisms
• Employee confidentiality agreements and training
• These measures are regularly reviewed and updated to ensure continued effectiveness.

Limitations and Disclaimer

• While we take reasonable steps to protect your data, you acknowledge that no system of data transmission or storage over the internet can be guaranteed to be 100% secure.
• Information disclosed online may remain vulnerable to interception, unauthorized access, or misuse by third parties despite our best efforts.

Limitation of Liability

• To the extent permitted under applicable law, Vendor shall not be held liable for any breach, loss, or damage arising from circumstances beyond its reasonable control, including any unauthorized access or misuse of your personal data resulting from cyberattacks, interception during transmission, or other malicious activities.
• For the avoidance of doubt, in the event any personal data is compromised despite the implementation of reasonable security measures, you agree not to hold Vendor liable under this Privacy Policy.

Cookies

Cookies are small text files that are stored on your device's hard drive when you visit a website. These files are used for record-keeping purposes and help improve your overall browsing experience.

Purpose of Cookies

We use cookies to:

1. Manupatra does not control or assume responsibility for the cookies or tracking technologies used by third-party advertisers or partners.
2. We encourage you to review the respective privacy policies of such third parties to understand how they handle data collected through cookies.

User Control Over Cookies

You have the ability to accept or decline cookies through your browser settings.

1. Most web browsers are configured to accept cookies by default, but you can modify your settings to decline all cookies or receive alerts when a cookie is being sent.
2. Please note that if you disable or refuse cookies, certain features or sections of our Site and/ or Associated Sites —especially those requiring authentication or personalization—may not function properly or be accessible.
3. In certain cases (e.g., login-required pages or personalized dashboards), accepting cookies may be mandatory for access and functionality.

By using this Website, you consent to the use of cookies in accordance with this Privacy Policy, unless you have disabled cookies through your browser settings. This practice is in compliance with the applicable provisions of the DPDP Act and other applicable data protection laws.

Information of Minor(s)

We do not knowingly collect, solicit, or market our products or services to individuals under the age of 18 years in compliance with the DPDP Act and other applicable data protection laws.

If a child accesses our services without the required consent or does so using the login credentials of another person, thereby preventing us from verifying their age or the legitimacy of consent, such access shall be deemed unauthorized. In such cases, the responsibility for the child’s access and use of the services, including any personal data shared or actions taken, shall lie with the parent, lawful guardian, or, where access has been facilitated by an educational institution, the institution itself.

By failing to supervise access or by allowing a child to use the services without valid consent, the parent, guardian, or institution acknowledges and accepts full responsibility for the child’s engagement with the Site.

Parental Rights and Data Deletion

1. If you are a parent or legal guardian and become aware that your child has provided personal information without your consent, you may request immediate deletion of such data by contacting us.
2. Upon receiving a verifiable request, we will promptly review and take appropriate action, including deleting the data from our records, except where retention is legally mandated.

How to Access or Correct Your Information

The User may view, update, or correct the personal information provided by the User by navigating to the "Edit Profile" section on the User’s personalized home page. This feature allows the User to:

1. Review their personal details stored in Manupatra’s system.
2. Modify or update inaccurate or outdated information

Third Party Sites and Services

Manupatra may share your information with third parties that perform services for Manupatra or on Maunpatra’s behalf, including payment processing, email delivery, and hosting services.

Manupatra’s websites, products, applications, and services may contain links to third-party websites, products, and services. Additionally, Manupatra’s products and services may integrate or offer third-party services, including but not limited to:

1. Data visualization services that display or process information.
2. Cloud storage solutions (e.g., Dropbox, Google Drive) for uploading, storing, or sharing Vendor documents.

Any information collected by such third-party services, including but not limited to location data, contact details, or authentication credentials, is subject to the privacy policies and practices of the respective third parties. Manupatra does not control, review, or assume responsibility for the privacy practices, security measures, or data handling policies of these third-party entities.

Users are strongly encouraged to review the privacy policies and terms of service of such third-party providers before using their services. Your interaction with such services is solely at your own discretion, and Manupatra shall not be liable for any data processing activities conducted by these third parties.

Data Localization

All personal information is stored and processed on servers located within the user’s country of residence.

For users based in jurisdictions that require data localization, we ensure that their personal data is stored and processed on servers physically located within the territorial boundaries of that country. We do not transfer such data outside the country unless it is in accordance with applicable law and with appropriate safeguards in place.

Data Retention

We retain your personal information only for as long as necessary to deliver the services you have requested, complete related transactions, or fulfill other legitimate and essential purposes. These purposes may include compliance with legal obligations, maintenance of business and financial records, resolution of disputes, enforcement of our agreements, ensuring security, and the detection and prevention of fraud or abuse.

If you access the service through a subscription administered or sponsored by your organization, we may continue to retain your organizational contact details even after the termination of the organization’s subscription. This allows us to maintain ongoing communication with you where appropriate or permitted by law.

AI Training

The data, including but not limited to text, images, and any other user data provided to Manupatra, shall not be utilized for the training of large language models, including but not limited to machine learning models, natural language processing models, or any similar technology, without the express written permission of the User.

Rights of Users

We are committed to upholding your rights under the DPDP Act and other applicable data protection laws. You have various rights concerning the collection, use, processing, and storage of your personal information. These rights may be exercised subject to legal limitations, technical feasibility, and geographical applicability.

Your Rights Include:

1. Right to Be Informed

You have the right to be informed about the nature and purpose of the personal data we collect and how we use it.

2. Right to Access

You may request confirmation of whether we process your personal information and, where applicable, access to the specific data we hold about you.

3. Right to Data Portability

Upon request and where technically feasible, we will provide your personal data in a structured, commonly used, and machine-readable format, subject to availability and applicable conditions.

4. Right to Correction and Update

If your personal data is inaccurate or incomplete, you have the right to request correction or updating of such information.

5. Right to Erasure

You may request the deletion of your personal data, subject to our legal and contractual obligations. This may affect your ability to access or use certain features or services.

Notwithstanding the foregoing, the right to erasure shall not apply to personal data contained in publicly available documents, such as court orders, judgments, or other legal records. In such cases, erasure will only be considered if it is expressly ordered by a court of competent jurisdiction.

6. Right to Restrict Processing

You may request that we limit the processing of your personal data under certain circumstances (e.g., if you contest its accuracy or object to its processing).

7. Right to Object

You have the right to object to the processing of your personal data, particularly where it is being processed for direct marketing or profiling purposes, or based on our legitimate interests, unless we demonstrate compelling legitimate grounds.

8. Conditions of Exercise

• These rights may vary depending on your location and the nature of the processing activity.
• Requests will be honored within the statutory timeframe, subject to identity verification and applicable limitations under law.
• Some rights may not be absolute and can be restricted based on legal obligations, ongoing investigations, or service requirements.

How to contact us

If you would like to contact us for any reason regarding our privacy practices, Please e-mail us at contact@manupatra.com

Revisions to this policy manupatra.com reserves the right to revise, amend or modify this policy at any time and in any manner it pleases. Any change or revision will be posted here.

The information/material provided on the Web Site is provided on an “As Is” basis. Manupatra Information Solutions Pvt. Ltd. expressly disclaims to the maximum limit permissible by law, all warranties, express or implied, including, but not limiting to implied warranties of merchantability, fitness for a particular purpose and non-infringement. Manupatra Information Solutions Pvt. Ltd. disclaims all responsibility for any loss, injury, liability or damage of any kind resulting from and arising out of, or any way related to:

• any errors in or omissions from the Web Site and its content, including but not limited to technical inaccuracies and typographical errors
• any third party Web Sites or content therein directly or indirectly accessed through links in the Site, including but not limited to any errors in or omissions therefrom
• the unavailability of this Site or any portion thereof
• your use of any equipment or software in connection with the Site
• your use of the Site.

Limitation of Liability

Under no circumstances shall Manupatra Information Solutions Pvt. Ltd. be liable to any User for:

• loss, injury, claim, liability or damages of any kind resulting from the use of or the inability to use the materials in the Web Site, even if Manupatra Information Solutions Pvt. Ltd. had been advised of the possibility of such damages and regardless of the form of action, whether in contract, tort or otherwise;
• special, direct, incidental, punitive, exemplary or consequential damages of any kind whatsoever (including without limitation, attorney’s fees) in any way due, resulting from or arising in connection with the use of or the inability to use the Web Site or its content / materials; and
• claim attributable to errors, omission or inaccuracies in or destructive properties of any information.

No Liability

Manupatra Information Solutions Pvt. Ltd. makes reasonable effort to ensure that the information provided on the Web Site is accurate but does not guarantee or warrant its accuracy, adequacy, correctness, validity, completeness or suitability for any purpose.

Manupatra Information Solutions Pvt. Ltd. accepts no responsibility with respect to the information on the Site.

Use of this Site, by implication, means that you have gone through and agreed to abide by the Terms and Conditions and the Disclaimers of this Site.

Manupatra Information Solutions Pvt. Ltd. does not represent that the information downloaded from this Web Site is completely error-free and accurate or the servers that make Manupatra Web Sites available, are free of viruses or harmful components. Though due care has been taken to make the database completely reliable and error-free, manupatra claims exemption from any liability arising out of any such error in the data base.

Manupatra provides documents that you are likely to use in legal or non-legal transactions.

All forms in this database are provided without any warranty, express or implied, as to their legal effect and completeness. Forms should be used as a guide and modified to suit your requirement and laws. Please use at your own risk.

Manupatra Information Solutions Pvt. Ltd. does not warranty any form thay provide, nor are they creating an Lawyer-Client or Lawyer's-Lawyer relationship by providing forms.

Use of AI

"Manupatra is committed to using artificial intelligence (AI) responsibly. We prioritize data privacy, bias mitigation, transparency, human oversight, accountability, user consent, and collaboration with regulations. Our aim is to maximize AI's benefits while ensuring ethical practices and minimizing potential risks."

Grievance Redressal Officer: Mr. Vijay Singh

Email: grievance@manupatra.com

Phone No.: +91 120 4014 407

Address: B-37, Sector-1, Noida 201 301, U.P. India

 

Public Records are records that are created and maintained by government agencies and are open for public inspection. These include court records (filings), court dockets, and judicial rulings. All data in our public records databases are supplied by courts and government agencies. We do not add personal information collected from individuals to our public records services and products.

Manupatra makes personal information available for legitimate uses by citizens, lawyers, businesses and the legal industry. We adhere to the applicable provisions of the Information Technology Act, 2000. Public Records provided by Manupatra are used to identify and clarify relationships among businesses, people and assets. Therefore, we do not:

• Maintain any databases of non-public individual financial data such as individual credit reports, income tax records, or bank information
• Collect or distribute information about any person’s religious preference or health
• Collect any person’s medical records

1. How do we distribute Non-Public Information to the General Public?
Manupatra republishes public court records. Manupatra users, subscribers, when appropriate, include law firms, legal and compliance departments, governmental agencies and municipalities, and individuals representing themselves and/or otherwise involved in litigation or interested in state court data and litigation analytics.

2. How do we secure Public Records and Personal Information?
Manupatra does not provide users access to personal information unless such information is maintained and previously published within the public court record.

3. How do we acquire Public Records and Non-Public Information?
Manupatra collects Public Records from established sources in the government and judiciary. In some cases, this occurs under agreement with those suppliers. The terms of use and information protection requirements within those agreements may be more stringent or limiting than requirements in applicable law.

4. Accuracy of Records:
Manupatra takes reasonable steps to accurately reproduce data we receive from suppliers. However, sometimes this data may contain errors. While some data suppliers and government entities will entertain requests for changes from members of the general public, many will only acknowledge and consider requests for changes when they are submitted by the parties to litigation. Therefore, if you find an error related to non-public information or public records, please contact the applicable court directly regarding any changes, once the public record has been amended, please submit a request to Manupatra along with the corrected court record so we may update the record. Changes to public records that have not been approved and/or granted by the applicable issuing court will not be updated within Manupatra’s database.

5. Removal of Personally Identifiable Information:
It is important to note that unsanctioned removal of information contained in public court records compromises the integrity of our services and products, in part because legal services providers rely on the accuracy and completeness of our database.

Manupatra will immediately remove any information contained within a court record which has been directed as such by the presiding judge once the court itself has removed that information and the same is no longer available on public record. Manupatra may redact identifiable personal information where a valid redaction request has been submitted. In evaluating such requests, it must be determined whether the person in question:

• Has obtained an order from the presiding judge;
• Is a judge, public official or member of law enforcement.

In order to consider such a request, we require a redaction request to be submitted, a written explanation substantiating the request. Depending on the nature of the request, the person will be required to provide:

• Copies of credentials (verifying his/her position in law enforcement or public office); and/or
• Letters from supervisors (required when the requestor is a member of law enforcement or a public official); and/or
• Police reports or court orders (regarding potential physical harm); and/or
• Police reports or letters from credit reporting companies (regarding identity theft).

Once a request to remove personal information has either been granted or denied, that decision will be communicated to the requestor in writing, as appropriate.
This Public Records Privacy Statement may be revised without notice. If our information practices change in a significant way, we will update the changes here.